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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク peptide bond ： ウィキペディア英語版 peptide bond A peptide bond (amide bond) is a covalent chemical bond formed between two amino acid molecules.〔Pauling L. (1960) ''The Nature of the Chemical Bond'', 3rd. ed., Cornell University Press. ISBN 0-8014-0333-2〕〔Stein RL. (1993) "Mechanism of Enzymatic and Nonenzymatic Prolyl cis-trans Isomerization", ''Adv. Protein Chem.'', 44, 1–24.〕〔Schmid FX, Mayr LM, Mücke M and Schönbrunner ER. (1993) "Prolyl Isomerases: Role in Protein Folding", ''Adv. Protein Chem.'', 44, 25–66.〕〔Fischer G. (1993) "Peptidyl-Prolyl cis/trans Isomerases and Their Effectors", ''Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.'', 33, 1415–1436.〕 ==Synthesis== When two amino acids form a ''dipeptide'' through a ''peptide bond'' it is called condensation. In condensation, two amino acids approach each other, with the acid moiety of one coming near the amino moiety of the other. One loses a hydrogen and oxygen from its carboxyl group (COOH) and the other loses a hydrogen from its amino group (NH2). This reaction produces a molecule of water (H2O) and two amino acids joined by a peptide bond (-CO-NH-). The two joined amino acids are called a dipeptide. The peptide bond is synthesized when the carboxyl group of one amino acid molecule reacts with the amino group of the other amino acid molecule, causing the release of a molecule of water (H2O), hence the process is a dehydration synthesis reaction (also known as a condensation reaction). The formation of the peptide bond consumes energy, which, in living systems, is derived from ATP. Polypeptides and proteins are chains of amino acids held together by peptide bonds. Living organisms employ enzymes to produce polypeptides, and ribosomes to produce proteins. Peptides are synthesized by specific enzymes. For example, the tripeptide glutathione is synthesized in two steps from free amino acids, by two enzymes: gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and glutathione synthetase. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「peptide bond」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.